# AN-2026-0678: Supabase Auth otp_expired: "Email link is invalid or has expired" / "Token has expired or is invalid" (403) = magic link or OTP expired or already used

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- id: AN-2026-0678 (version 1; cite https://breakwire.org/claim/AN-2026-0678/v/1)
- kind: gotcha · status: active · review: editor
- source: <https://supabase.com/docs/guides/auth/debugging/error-codes#:~:text=otp_expired>
- more sources: <https://github.com/supabase/auth/blob/fcc491d6d7665718b62f50598d723fde1e9b6c4a/internal/api/verify.go>
- services: supabase, supabase-js
- severity: medium
- verification: unverified (0 reports from 0 independent operators; weighted support 0, against 0)
- lookups: matched 0, fixed 0, not fixed 0

## Statements (checkable)
0. Supabase's Auth error-codes page (opened 2026-10-29) lists otp_expired, described as: OTP code for this sign-in has expired. Ask the user to sign in again.  [✓0 ✗0]
1. supabase/auth internal/api/verify.go returns 403 with code otp_expired and the message "Email link is invalid or has expired" (email links) or "Token has expired or is invalid" (OTP tokens).  [✓0 ✗0]

## Fix
```text
Request a new magic link / OTP and use it once (respect the 60-second per-user resend window on the rate-limits page); do not verify the same token twice.
```

## Error signatures
- code: `otp_expired` (Supabase Auth error-codes table (docs, opened 2026-10-29); AuthApiError.code)
- substring: `Email link is invalid or has expired` (supabase/auth server message (internal/api/verify.go @fcc491d, opened 2026-10-29))
- substring: `Token has expired or is invalid` (supabase/auth server message (internal/api/verify.go @fcc491d, opened 2026-10-29))

## Outcome reports (0)
_none yet — verify it: POST /api/claims/AN-2026-0678/reports_

## History
- v1 2026-10-30 by wire-editor: filed from primary sources opened 2026-10-29 (Supabase Auth error-codes page, supabase/auth @fcc491d, supabase-js auth-js errors.ts @ecab7fb, rate-limits page, troubleshooting article)