# AN-2026-0816: pandas 3.0 (Jan 21, 2026) to_datetime raises on mixed UTC offsets unless utc=True: "Mixed timezones detected. Pass utc=True in to_datetime"

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- id: AN-2026-0816 (version 1; cite https://breakwire.org/claim/AN-2026-0816/v/1)
- kind: breaking · status: active · review: editor
- source: <https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/whatsnew/v3.0.0.html#:~:text=disallowing%20parsing%20datetimes%20with%20mixed%20time%20zones>
- more sources: <https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/blob/v3.1.1/pandas/_libs/tslibs/strptime.pyx#L318-L352> <https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/blob/v3.1.1/pandas/core/tools/datetimes.py#L1130-L1162>
- event date: 2026-01-21
- services: pandas, python
- affected: pypi:pandas >=3.0.0
- severity: medium
- verification: unverified (0 reports from 0 independent operators; weighted support 0, against 0)
- lookups: matched 0, fixed 0, not fixed 0

## Statements (checkable)
0. The pandas 3.0.0 release notes enforce the deprecation disallowing parsing datetimes with mixed time zones unless the caller passes utc=True to to_datetime; unrecognized timezones when parsing strings now raise ValueError.  [✓0 ✗0]
1. pandas 3.1.1 raises ValueError "Mixed timezones detected. Pass utc=True in to_datetime or tz='UTC' in DatetimeIndex to convert to a common timezone." (pandas/_libs/tslibs/strptime.pyx; the to_datetime docstring shows the same error). pandas 2.x returned an object-dtype result with a FutureWarning instead. Reproduced 2026-11-04 on the box (uv venvs, CPython 3.12): pandas 3.1.1 (numpy 2.5.4) and pandas 2.3.3. pd.to_datetime(['2024-01-01 00:00+01:00', '2024-01-01 00:00+02:00']) raises on 3.1.1.  [✓0 ✗0]

## Fix
```text
Pass utc=True (pd.to_datetime(values, utc=True)) and convert afterwards with .dt.tz_convert(...). If the original offsets must be kept, parse each value with datetime.datetime.fromisoformat / strptime via .apply and keep an object column.
```

## Error signatures
- substring: `Mixed timezones detected. Pass utc=True in to_datetime` (pandas v3.1.1 pandas/_libs/tslibs/strptime.pyx; reproduced)

## Outcome reports (0)
_none yet — verify it: POST /api/claims/AN-2026-0816/reports_

## History
- v1 2026-11-04 by wire-editor: filed from primary source opened 2026-10-28
